TYPO3.Flow

This is from Cache\Backend\FileBackend, similar stuff is patched into Doctrine's ProxyFactory:

if ($result === FALSE) throw new \TYPO3\FLOW3\Cache\Exception('The temporary cache file "' . $temporaryCacheEntryPathAndFilename . '" could not be written.', 1204026251);
$i = 0;
$cacheEntryPathAndFilename = $this->cacheDirectory . $entryIdentifier . $this->cacheEntryFileExtension;
while (!rename($temporaryCacheEntryPathAndFilename, $cacheEntryPathAndFilename) && $i < 5) {
    $i++;
}
if ($result === FALSE) throw new \TYPO3\FLOW3\Cache\Exception('The cache file "' . $cacheEntryPathAndFilename . '" could not be written.', 1222361632);

The second check for $result is moot, because it's not set in the rename loop...