[BUGFIX] Avoid invalid cache identifier in SchemaInformation

The database may contain special characters (e.g. dots) that are
considered invalid by the caching framework, potentially breaking
the whole TYPO3 installation.

Special chars in the database name are now replaced.

Resolves: #99276
Related: #99062
Releases: main
Change-Id: I26b5602e162efe9b0d469f5a692fa45e9065c44d
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/76926


Reviewed-by: Stefan Bürk <stefan@buerk.tech>
Tested-by: core-ci <typo3@b13.com>
Tested-by: Andreas Fernandez <a.fernandez@scripting-base.de>
Reviewed-by: Oliver Klee <typo3-coding@oliverklee.de>
Tested-by: Christian Kuhn <lolli@schwarzbu.ch>
Reviewed-by: Christian Kuhn <lolli@schwarzbu.ch>
Tested-by: Stefan Bürk <stefan@buerk.tech>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Fernandez <a.fernandez@scripting-base.de>