TYPO3 Core

My home page has UID=1, it is not hidden nor access protected nor a shortcut.

If I write in TS setup:

page.301 = RECORDS
  page.301.tables = pages
  page.301.source = 1

page.301.conf.pages = TEXT
  page.301.conf.pages.field = title
  page.301.conf.pages.required = 1
  page.301.conf.pages.htmlSpecialChars = 1

Nothing is shown.

With other pages (Uid=2, 5, ecc) it works

Technically this is correct, because the record itself is on an inaccessible page (uid=0).
You need to set page.301.dontCheckPid = 1 to disable this check if you want to query records on pid=0.

This is not obvious on first sight, therefore feel free to add a ticket to the documentation team to clarify this behaviour in the TypoScript Reference.