TYPO3 Core

In my installation of TYPO3 12.4.1 on a UNIX server with PHP 8.2 (legacy installation, not via Composer), the automatic update of the core does not work. The "Update TYPO3 core" modal of the Upgrade modul in the backend opens, but a click on the button "Check for core updates" shows no reaction. The browser's JavaScript console reports: Uncaught Unknown update action "undefined". Source: core-update.js line 13, character 2040. I find in that JavaScript file that the mentioned error message is shown if the modal's button is clicked but it has no "data-action" attribute. And in fact, in the source code of webpage, the <button> tag does not have a "data-action" attribute. This is in difference to TYPO3 11.5.27 where the "data-action" attribute exists.
I then found that the attribute is indeed defined: in typo3/sysext/install/Classes/Controller/UpgradeController.php line 279 set a buttons's dataAttribute to 'action' => 'checkForUpdate'. But according to breaking change #98288, the button property "dataAttributes" has been removed without replacement. For this reason, the "data-action" attribute is not present in the <button> tag and the checking for a new TYPO3 version does not work.